Organizational behavior (OB) is defined as the systematic study and application of knowledge about how individuals and groups act within the organizations where they work. Show
It is the study of human behavior in organizational settings, how human behavior interacts with the organization, and the organization itself. Organizational behavior theories inform real-world evaluation and management of groups of people. Organizational BehaviorOrganisational Behavior:
Organizational Behavior DefinitionOrganizational Behavior Theories3 important stream of classical organizational behavior theories Management are discussed below:
Bureaucracy TheoryMax Weber (1864-1920) a German sociologist introduced the theory of Bureaucracy. His major contribution to the theory is the concept of authority, structure and its inter-se relationship. Weber in his model of bureaucracy stated that there are three types of authority in any organization.
Scientific Management TheoryScientific management approach was developed by F.W. Taylor at the beginning of the 20th century.
Process Management TheoryProcess Management Theory is also known as Administrative theory. Fayol looked at the problems from the top management point of view. He has used the term ‘administration’ instead of management emphasising that there is unity of science of administration. He has emphasised that principles of management are Read: What is Personality? Organizational Behavior ConceptsThe fundamental concepts of organizational behavior are;
Characteristics of Organizational Behavior (OB)Characteristics of Organizational Behavior are:
Read: What is Perception? Need of Organizational BehaviorThe Organizational Behavior Importance can be discussed as follows: Explain individual and group behaviorWe are pursuing the explanation objective when we want to know why individuals or groups behave the way they do. For example, if the turnover rate in an Organisation is very high, we want to know the reason, so that action can be taken to correct the situation in the future. Predict certain behavioural response to changePrediction seeks to determine what outcomes will result from a given action. Having a sound knowledge of OB will help the manager to predict certain behavioural responses to change. In this way, the manager can anticipate which approaches will generate the least degree of employee resistance and use that information in making decisions. Control BehaviorThe knowledge of OB can be used by managers to control behaviour. Managers frequently see the control objective as the most valuable contribution that OB makes toward their effectiveness on the job. Go To Section: | Organizational Behavior Theories | Organizational Behavior Concepts | What is Organizational Behavior? | Organizational Behavior Importance | Objectives of Organizational BehaviorOrganizational behavior has four important roles and Objectives of Organizational Behavior are discussed below: 4 Approaches to Organizational Behavior studies Human Resources ApproachOrganizational behaviour is mainly interested in the development of its human resources. The employees’ growth and development in an organization are basic requirements for its continuous growth and survival. Traditionally, managers were important for deciding on task performances and carrying them out successfully under their directions. Contingency ApproachBehavioural science is being used for solving problems which may arise at any time. Behavioural knowledge is being applied to solve these problems. Employees are therefore trained to face any sort of problems. They should have the capacity to meet the challenges of the environment. Different situations require different functions and behavioural approaches. It is known as the contingency approach because it believes that there is no such thing as the best way to handle the problem. The contingency approach is an interdisciplinary and systemoriented approach of management. There is no perfect style of management. System ApproachThe system approach includes several subsystems which exist in an organization, and therefore affect each other. Managers have to look beyond immediate situations to foresee future situations. The purpose is to improve organizational behaviour for effective management. A system is developed where people work in a congenial atmosphere. Productivity ApproachThe ultimate objective of organizational behaviour is to increase productivity. With the given inputs, if production is improved, it is a symbol of productivity improvement. The human behaviour is developed for performing jobs in an effective manner. If people’s knowledge and skills are developed, their abilities to perform tasks also increase. Organizational behaviour influences people’s knowledge, skill, attitude, ability and performance potential. Read: What is Learning? Key Elements of Organizational Behavior4 elements of organizational behavior are:
PeoplePeople are the main component of any organization that has to be managed. Every individual has a personal goal to be achieved. Organizations must identify the need spectrum of individuals and take suitable steps for its fulfillment to enable them to perform effectively so that they complete their allotted task in time. EnvironmentWhen we talk about managing people in the organization, what we have to study and manage is the influence of culture and its impact on the individual. Study of the environment is very wide and encompasses economic, cultural, social, government rules and regulations, legal aspects, political climate, demographics and its impact. StructureThere are two types of organizations, formal and informal.
TechnologyManaging technology is an important job of any management. It is an important element of any unit. Selection of technology, procurement, installation, operation and maintenance is important and no compromise should be made in procuring latest or advanced technology. Read: What is Attitude? Contributing Disciplines to the Organizational Behavior fieldOrganizational behavior is an applied behavioral science built on contributions from a number of behavioral disciplines, mainly psychology and social psychology, sociology, and anthropology. The major disciplines are:
Organizational Behavior ImportanceImportance of Organizational Behavior are:
Read: What is Motivation? Why study Organizational Behavior?
Understand organizational eventsThe main reason for studying organizational behaviour is that most of us work in organizations, so we need to understand, predict, and influence the behaviours of others in organizational settings. But all of us need organizational behaviour knowledge to address people issues when we try to apply marketing, computer science, and other ideas. Predict organizational eventsSatisfying the need to understand and predict Every one of us has an inherent need to know about the world in which we live. This is particularly true in organizations because of their profound effect on our lives. Influencing organizational eventsIt’s nice to understand and predict organizational events, but most of us want to influence the environment in which we live. OB knowledge will help you to influence organizational events. Challenges for Organizational Behavior
Read: What is Assessment Centre? Models of Organisational BehaviourOB Model proposes three types of variables (inputs, processes, and outcomes) at three levels of analysis (individual, group, and organizational). The model proceeds from left to right, with inputs leading to processes and processes leading to outcomes. Notice that the model also shows that outcomes can influence inputs in the future. Models of Organisational BehaviourThree types of variables of OD Model: InputsInputs are the variables like personality, group structure, and organizational culture that lead to processes. These variables set the stage for what will occur in an organization later. ProcessesProcesses are actions that individuals, groups, and organizations engage in as a result of inputs and that lead to certain outcomes. OutcomesOutcomes are the key variables that you want to explain or predict, and that are affected by some other variables. Read: Theories of Personality Organizational Behavior ManagementOrganizational behavior management (OBM) is a form of applied behavior analysis (ABA) which applies psychological principles of organizational behavior and the experimental analysis of behavior to organizations to improve individual and group performance and worker safety. The areas of application may include systems analysis, management, training, and performance improvement. OBM resembles human resource management but places more emphasis on ABA and systems-level focus. (Wikipedia) Reference Go On, Share & Help your Friend Did we miss something in Organizational Behavior Tutorial or You want something More? Come on! Tell us what you think about our post on What is Organizational Behavior | Organisational Behavior in the comments section and Share this post with your friends.
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