Insomnia is the disruption in the amount and quality of sleep to the extent that it impairs functioning. Inadequate sleep can have detrimental effects on a patient’s physical and mental well-being. Our bodies repair themselves when we sleep and sleep restores our mental clarity. Show
Insomnia can be temporary and will resolve once the cause is removed, such as a change in a work schedule, and is usually alleviated by simple adjustments. Chronic insomnia requires deeper assessment and often the use of sleeping medications. Nurses can institute ways to support sleep such as decreasing stimuli and blocking off time to ensure patient’s rest isn’t interrupted as well as educating patients on how they can enjoy better sleep at home. Causes of Insomnia (Related to)
Signs and Symptoms (As evidenced by)Subjective: (Patient reports)
Objective: (Nurse assesses)
Expected Outcomes
Nursing Assessment for Insomnia1. Identify health conditions contributing to insomnia. 2. Assess sleep patterns. 3. Identify poor sleep hygiene behaviors. 4. Assess the use of stimulants or drug abuse. 5. Review medications. 6. Assess changes in schedules or life events. 7. Assess for emotional trauma. Nursing Interventions for Insomnia1. Educate on basic sleep hygiene behaviors. 2. Suggest ways to improve the environment. 3. Refer to a sleep specialist or discuss a sleep study. 4. Discuss switching medications or regimens if appropriate. 5. Recommend keeping a sleep log or using a tracker. 6. Do not drink fluids right before bed or consume large meals. 7. Recommend relaxing activities. 8. Educate on sleep aid medications. 9. Ensure chronic conditions are effectively treated. 10. Refer to a mental health professional for mindful sleep techniques. References and Sources
People with insomnia can’t fall asleep, stay asleep or get enough restful slumber. Insomnia is a common sleep disorder. Over time, lack of sleep can lead to health problems like diabetes, hypertension and weight gain. Behavioral and lifestyle changes can improve your rest. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and sleeping pills also help.
Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that is characterized by difficulty:
What are the symptoms of insomnia?Chronic insomnia may cause:
What are the types of insomnia?Insomnia can come and go, or it may be an ongoing, longstanding issue. There is short term insomnia and chronic insomnia:
How common is insomnia?Sleep disorders are very common. They affect up to 70 million Americans every year. Insomnia symptoms occur in approximately 33% to 50% of the adult population while Chronic Insomnia disorder that is associated with distress or impairment is estimated at 10% to 15%. How much sleep do most people need?Most adults need around seven to nine hours of sleep per night but the amount of sleep needed to function at your best varies between individuals. The quality of your rest matters just as much as the quantity. Tossing and turning and repeatedly awakening is as bad for your health as being unable to fall asleep.
Many things can contribute to the development of insomnia including environmental, physiological and psychological factors, including:
What are the risk factors for insomnia?Insomnia occurs more often in women than in men. Pregnancy and hormonal shifts can disturb sleep. Other hormonal changes, such as premenstrual syndrome (PMS) or menopause, can also can affect sleep. Insomnia becomes more common over the age of 60. Older people may be less likely to sleep soundly because of bodily changes related to aging and because they may have medical conditions or take medications that disturb sleep. What are the consequences of insomnia?When you can’t fall asleep or your rest is fitful, you may:
There is no specific test to diagnose insomnia. Your healthcare provider will perform a physical exam and ask questions to learn more about your sleep problems and symptoms. The key information for the diagnosis of insomnia is reviewing your sleep history with your doctor. Your provider will also review your medical history and medications you are taking to see if they may be affecting your ability to sleep. You may also:
Over time, lack of sleep or poor quality sleep can negatively affect your physical and mental health. Insomnia can contribute to: How is insomnia managed or treated?Short-term insomnia often gets better on its own. For chronic insomnia, your healthcare provider may recommend:
Can melatonin help me sleep?Your body produces a hormone called melatonin that promotes sleep. Some people take melatonin supplements as a sleep aid. But there’s no proof that these supplements work. Because the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) doesn’t regulate supplements the same as medications, you should talk to your healthcare provider before taking one.
Lifestyle changes and improvements to your bedtime routine and bedroom setup can often help you sleep better:
Some people with insomnia sleep better after changing daytime and nighttime behaviors. When these changes don’t help, therapy or medications can improve slumber.
You should call your healthcare provider if you experience:
What should I ask my healthcare provider about insomnia?If you have insomnia, you may want to ask your healthcare provider:
If you're suffering from insomnia, don't hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider for help. They may offer tips for managing issues that interfere with your sleep. Many people with insomnia rest better after changing their diet, lifestyle and nighttime routines. Or they may also recommend medications or cognitive behavioral therapy.
Last reviewed by a Cleveland Clinic medical professional on 10/15/2020. References
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